Which camera movement is phrased as "moving the camera and the tripod towards or away from the subject"?

The term used for the camera movement that involves moving the camera and tripod towards or away from the subject is dollying. This technique allows the filmmaker to create a three-dimensional effect by changing the viewer's perspective of the subject, effectively enhancing depth and engagement in a scene.

When dollying in, the camera physically moves closer to the subject, emphasizing its importance or creating a sense of intimacy, while dollying out creates distance, which can convey isolation or give an overview of the surroundings. This movement is different from trucking, which involves lateral movement, and panning or tilting, which refer to rotating the camera on its axis either horizontally or vertically. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for effectively employing various camera techniques in film production.