What stage in the production process is characterized by planning before content production begins?

The stage characterized by planning before content production begins is pre-production. This phase is crucial in the production process as it lays the groundwork for everything that follows. During pre-production, filmmakers and production teams engage in a variety of activities, including script finalization, casting, scouting locations, budgeting, and developing a shooting schedule. Thorough planning during this stage helps ensure that the production runs smoothly and efficiently, as it addresses potential challenges before they arise.

In contrast, production refers to the actual filming or recording of the content, while post-production encompasses the editing, sound design, and finalization of the project after filming has wrapped. Principal photography specifically refers to the main phase of filming, which occurs within the production stage but is already dependent on the pre-production planning. Thus, pre-production is essential for the overall success of the project.