How are aperture, f-stop, and lens speed related?

The relationship between aperture, f-stop, and lens speed is fundamentally rooted in how they interact with light. A smaller f-stop number corresponds to a larger aperture opening, which allows more light to enter the camera. This increased light intake is crucial for achieving faster shutter speeds, particularly in low-light situations or when capturing fast-moving subjects. Consequently, a lens with a larger maximum aperture, such as f/1.4, not only lets in more light but is also considered "faster," allowing for better performance in various lighting conditions.

This relationship enhances a photographer's ability to manipulate depth of field, as a larger aperture (smaller f-stop) results in a shallower depth of field, drawing attention to the subject while blurring the background. Thus, a smaller f-stop number indeed indicates a larger aperture and a quicker capability to capture images, which is why this option is the most accurate representation of how these factors interconnect.